![]() We manipulated driver expectation of a pedestrian both by presenting intersection and mid-block crossing as well as by using features in the scene to direct the driver's visual attention toward or away from the crossing pedestrian. For the study reported here, we only considered scenarios where the car is traveling straight because these represent the majority of fatalities. Driving simulators offer a safe environment in which to test driver response and offer the advantage of having virtual pedestrian models that move realistically, unlike test track studies, which by nature must use pedestrian dummies on some moving track.Īn analysis of pedestrian crash trajectories, speeds, roadside features, and pedestrian behavior was used to create 18 unique crash scenarios representative of the most frequent and most costly crash types. This article presents a scenario development method and discusses experimental design and control issues in conducting pedestrian crash research in a simulation environment. This research project examined driver response to crash-imminent situations involving pedestrians in a high-fidelity, full-motion driving simulator. ![]() In many other countries, pedestrians make up more than 50% of those injured and killed in crashes. In 2012 in the United States, pedestrian injuries accounted for 3.3% of all traffic injuries but, disproportionately, pedestrian fatalities accounted for roughly 14% of traffic-related deaths (NHTSA 2014 ).
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